Cell Biology Reagents
Cell Biology Reagents
Reliable, high performance products enable life science researchers to better understand biochemistry, immunology, cell biology and molecular biology....
Reliable, high performance products enable life science researchers to better understand biochemistry, immunology, cell biology and molecular biology....
Please find following over 5000 items which includes product lines such as Fluo-8®, Cal-520®, Cell Meter™, Amplite™, CytoTrace™ and CytoTell™, brands that have garnered recognition and praise in the life science research community.
Besides their standard catalogue products AAT Bioquest also offer custom services to meet your special research needs. Current services include custom synthesis of colorimetric, fluorescent and luminescent probes, custom development of biochemical, cell-based and diagnostic assays and custom screening of your compound libraries against your defined targets using their validated high throughput screening ( HTS ) assays. Product offering includes:
- Reactive fluorescent and luminescent probes, biotins and tag enzymes for labeling small drug molecules and biopolymers, such as proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates
- Fluorescent and luminescent probes for detecting proteins, nucleic acids and live cells
- Fluorescent and luminescent probes for detecting various enzymes, in particular, hydrolytic and redox enzymes
- Reagents developed and improved for signal transduction research
- Physiological and neurological probes, such as calcium indicators and membrane potential probes
- TransfectamineTM 5000, a powerful transfection reagent
Explore AAT Bioquest's products...
Explore AAT Bioquest's products...
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Advanced Assay Technologies
Advanced Assay Technologies
AAT Bioquest Catalogues
AAT Bioquest Catalogues
Download the pdf catalogues:
Calcium Detection Probes & Assay Kits ›
Cell Apoptosis & Proliferation ›
Cell Metabolism and Signaling Assays ›
Cell Viability & Proliferation ›
Fluorescence Cell Imaging Probes & Kits ›
Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Organelles ›
Fluorescent Infrared Dyes and Probes ›
FRET Building Blocks & Probes ›
Labelling Antibodies and Biopolymers ›
Nucleic Acid Detection Probes & Assay Kits ›
Oligonucleotide Labelling Reagents ›
Phycobiliproteins & Tandem Conjugates ›
Physiological Probes & Assay Kits ›
AAT Bioquest Webinars
A Series Of New And Improved Calcium Indicators For Functional Analysis Of Gpcrs And Calcium Channel Targets
G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR) are the largest family of membrane receptors in the entire human genome. As the name suggests, they function by coupling with various G-proteins to regulate intracellular signalling pathways, notably including the cAMP pathway and Ca+2 pathway. This webinar focuses on the function and practical applications of newly developed and improved calcium indicators for the investigation of these incredibly important proteins
Modern Methods For Antibody Fluorescent Labeling
Labeling an antibody with a specific tag has become an important and routine procedure in biological sciences and medical research. This webinar is intended for researchers in both small- and large-scale laboratories, and covers common mechanisms and methods of bioconjugation, focusing on antibody fluorescent labeling, with an emphasis on the selection of appropriate techniques and materials.
Fundamentals Of Flow Cytometry
This webinar is intended for both novice and experienced researchers looking to improve their understanding and efficiency in flow cytometry. Modern developments in flow cytometry, combined with the ongoing emergence of novel fluorescent labels, have enabled an unprecedented level of analysis in cell biology, immunology, and microbiology, as well as cancer and clinical research studies. A solid understanding of flow cytometry principles, as well as evolving advancements and techniques, are invaluable to making use of this versatile instrument.
Antibodies
Antibodies
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
Direct, Indirect, Sandwich, HRP & AP Conjugates, Substrates, ELISA Kits
ELISA, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, is a plate-based immunoassay used to detect and quantify biomolecules such as antibodies, proteins, hormones or peptides, as well as for the characterization of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions.
Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™)
Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™), Tyramide, IF, ICC, IHC
Power Styramide™ Signal Amplification (PSA™) is a novel enzymatic amplification method used to detect low-abundance targets in cells and tissues. By combining the superior brightness and photostability of iFluor™ dyes with poly-HRP mediated PSA™ imaging, generate bright fluorescence signals with significantly higher precision and sensitivity (more than 100-fold greater) than conventional immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques.
Mouse Anti-Human, CD Antibodies, Monoclonal
Primary antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are large Y-shaped proteins produced and used by the immune system to identify specific biomolecules, called antigens. The recognition between an antibody and an antigen is usually described as a lock-key mechanism: the paratope (analogous to a lock) on each tip of the “Y” of an antibody precisely binds to one particular epitope (analogous to a key). The degree to which an antibody’s binding site will interact with an antigen is called its affinity.
Anti-Human, Anti-Mouse, Anti-Rabbit, IgG, H+L, Cross-Adsorbed
Secondary antibody conjugates are important tools in biochemical and cell-based studies. Enzyme-labeled secondary antibodies, such as HRP secondaries, have high catalytic turnover rates and are routinely used in various assays for their rapid and robust signal generation. HRP secondary antibodies have been used extensively in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), lateral flow assays (LFA), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Secondary antibodies conjugated to fluorescent dyes provide brighter signals and multiplexing capabilities in cell analysis and protein analysis applications including immunofluorescence microscopy and cell imaging.
Serologic Assays for Antibody Detection
Secondary Antibody Conjugates, ELISA, Lateral Flow
As clinical diagnostic and surveillance tools, serological assays such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) have been extensively used in the detection and identification of infectious diseases. They achieve this aim through the use of highly specific recombinant antigens, or fusion proteins, to detect serum antibodies, which are used by the immune system to neutralize pathogenic bacteria, viruses or other microorganisms that cause disease. Serological assays have been successfully used in the detection of hepatitis viruses, the ebola virus, HIV and influenza.
Apoptosis & Proliferation
Apoptosis & Proliferation
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Annexin-V Conjugates, Caspase Activity Assays, TUNEL Assays, GSH Assays
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a key part of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Cells undergoing apoptosis are characterized by distinct morphological changes and energy-dependent biochemical mechanisms. These characteristics include membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage, activation of caspase cascade, chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation, as well as the production of membrane-bound apoptotic bodies. Since no single parameter entirely defines apoptosis, many different approaches are used in the study of cell death.
Phosphatidylserine (PS), Annexin-V & Conjugates, Flow Cytometry
Alterations in the plasma membrane is a hallmark indicator of early-stage apoptosis in living cells. During the initial phases of apoptosis, phosphatidylserine (PS) residues translocate from the inner to the outer-leaflet of the plasma membrane. In cell imaging and flow cytometry, fluorescently labeled annexin V conjugates are commonly used to detect apoptotic cells by its ability to bind to externalized PS residues.
Caspase Substrates & Inhibitors, Caspase Binding Assays, Live Cell Caspase Acivity Assays
Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases or cysteine-dependent aspartate directed proteases) are a family of protease enzymes whose functions are intimately linked with the processes of apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis, and pyroptosis (inflammation). AAT Bioquest offers a plethora of reagents and kits for measuring caspase activity in real-time enzyme kinetic and end-point assay formats.
Live & Fixed Cell Cycle Assays, Cell Tracking & Proliferation Indicators
Cell proliferation is described as an increase in cell number in any given tissue in vivo or cell culture plates in vitro. Cells proliferate themselves, in their favourable conditions, by a process known as Cell Cycle. Cell cycle is defined as an event that takes place in cells, where one cell divides itself into two daughter cells. The event as a whole is mainly divided into several phases such as Gap1 (G1) phase, Synthesis (S) phase and Gap2-Mitosis (G2-M) phase. During G1 phase, cells gather enough building blocks to be able to make DNA in S phase as well create enough energy so it can sustain once they divide themselves and be able to start all over again. In G2-M phase, cells verify the DNA generated in S-phase and if everything is verified, it moves forward and divides itself into two daughter cells, dividing the content in exactly half. Cell cycle is very tightly regulated process where if any process goes wrong, it just halts the cell cycle progression. If the damage is repairable then cells try to activate the pathways that fixes the damage or if the damage is not salvageable then it does activate the apoptotic machinery to kill the cells so no anomaly spreads towards new cells generated through cell cycle process.
Bioconjugation
Bioconjugation
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Antibody Conjugation Kits, Amine-Reactive, iFluor™ Dyes, Cyanine Dyes
Dye to protein conjugation is a chemical strategy to form a stable covalent link between a dye and a protein, which is not destructible under most biological conditions. Due to more flexibility in choosing the labeling sites as well as enhanced fluorescence compared to proteins' intrinsic fluorescence, small organic dyes have been extensively used in protein labeling.
Biotin Labeled Nucleotides, Biotin Labeling Kits & Reagents, Streptavidin & Conjugates
The biotin-streptavidin complex is one of the most popular tagging systems for the conjugation of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, as well as that of synthetic molecules, such as fluorescent labels. It has found strong success in the area of sample preparation as a core part of many purification systems and plays a critical role in many detection systems for instruments such as microscopy and flow cytometry.
Buccutite™ Crosslinkers and Kits
Protein-Protein Labeling, Antibody Conjugation Kits, Amine-Reactive, HRP, AP, Tandem Dyes
Buccutite™ crosslinking technology provides an efficient method to conjugate proteins with another macromolecule such as an antibody or an enzyme. More robust and with higher yield than the commonly-used SMCC, Buccutite™ crosslinking technology utilizes two exclusive linkers with unique properties. In general terms, these proprietary crosslinkers work as two halves of a single homobifunctional crosslinker. Each has an amine-reactive group on one end which specifically targets primary amines on the desired protein. The other end contains our proprietary Buccutite™-reactive group, which has a high degree of affinity for only binding its respective Buccutite™ MTA/FOL crosslinker counterpart. When each is present, the two conjugates covalently link together at their Buccutite™-reactive site to form a protein-protein conjugate.
Peptide and Oligonucleotide Labeling
Tide Fluor™ Dyes, Click Chemistry Dyes, Dye CPGs, Dye Phosphoramidites
Dye-labeled peptides and oligonucleotides are important tools in biochemical and cellular studies. Fluorescent peptides and oligonucleotides have been extensively used in all major types of fluorescence imaging including fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). These labeled biomolecules are widely used for diagnosing infectious diseases based on the molecular beacon and other technologies. FRET peptides and oligonucleotides have been also used for cell analysis via fluorescence-associated cell sorting (FACS) either in vivo or in vitro for research and diagnostic purposes.
The most important characteristics of dye-labeled peptides and oligonucleotides are high sensitivity and non-radioactive detection. Using suitable quenchers, either classic or modern (such as the Tide Quencher™ series in the image above) can assist researchers with superior non-fluorescent imaging.
Calcium, pH & Ions
Calcium, pH & Ions
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Fluo 8®, Cal-520®, Cal-630™, Rhod-4™, Ratiometric Indicators, Salt & Dextran Conjugates
Cell-based calcium flux assays are widely used in high throughput screening (HTS) to determine agonist-stimulated and antagonist-inhibited signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a large family of integral membrane proteins and an important target classs in drug discovery. Accurate measurements of intracellular calcium concentration and mobilization allows for a more comprehensive understanding of calcium regulated signaling pathways, cellular functions and pathological processees.
Acidic pH Indicators, Near-Neutral pH Indicators, Vesicle pH Indicators (Dextran Conjugates)
Intracellular pH, the activity of free protons (H+) within a cell, is one of the most important aspects of the intracellular environment. Changes of intracellular pH are implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, fertilization, malignancy, multidrug resistance, ion transport, lysosomal storage disorders and Alzheimer's disease.
The Screen Quest™ product series includes a variety of biological research materials for multiple applications. The series includes assay kits pertaining to multiple cellular activities, lab-engineered receptor-coupled cells and chimeric cell lines, and even optimized assay buffers. This wide range is reflective of an in-house optimization process that showcases careful component selection along with extensive quality testing.
G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)
Calcium Signaling, Drug Discovery, GPCR Transfected Cell Lines
G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are known as seven transmembrane spanning receptors or metabotropic receptors. They are the largest family of membrane receptors in the entire human genome. As the name suggests, it functions by coupling itself with G-protein to regulate intracellular signalling pathways. G-proteins possess GTPase activity and controls the function of these receptors. The structure of GPCRs consists of a single polypeptide chain comprising of seven transmembrane helices, where N-terminal domain is extracellular and C-terminal is located intracellularly.
NAD(P) Assays, NAD(P)H Assays, NAD(P)/NAD(P)H Ratio Assays, Total NAD(P) and NAD(P)H Assays
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides are abundant soluble cofactors that undergo reversible oxidation and reduction in major metabolic pathways. In cells they are present in oxidized and reduced states as their unphosphorylated (NAD and NADH) and phosphorylated (NADP and NADPH) forms. These dinucleotides work in pairs, and each pair has distinct functions. They have become a point of focus in cancer research because, as metabolites, they can tie metabolic pathways to transcriptional control, epigenetics and cell signaling as cells switch from a normal metabolism to a cancer cell (proliferative) metabolism.
Cell Analysis
Cell Analysis
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Live & Fixed Cell Cycle Assays, Cell Tracking & Proliferation Indicators
Cell proliferation is described as an increase in cell number in any given tissue in vivo or cell culture plates in vitro. Cells proliferate themselves, in their favourable conditions, by a process known as Cell Cycle. Cell cycle is defined as an event that takes place in cells, where one cell divides itself into two daughter cells.
Cell Metabolism & Cell Signaling
The Amplite™ product series is composed of enzyme-based substrates and assays optimized for measuring horseradish peroxidase (HRP), luciferase, phosphodiesterases, proteases, histone deacetylase (HDAC) and cell signaling molecules such as NAD/NADH, NADP/NADPH, etc. The series includes assay kits spanning essentially all aspects of cellular and physiological activity, and is compatible with other AAT Bioquest products as well as classic materials.
Cell Structures and Organelles
Organelles are specialized structures that play a critical part in cellular function. Nearly all cellular activities are facilitated by organelles working either singly or in concert, ranging from gene expression and cell signaling to energy production and apoptosis. To fully understand cellular behavior, researchers utilize organelle-selective probes to detect, visualize and track organelle activity, including the biochemical mechanisms that govern them. These probes are ideal for co-localization studies serving as excellent counter-stains for identifying location-specific proteins and targets of interest within the cell.
Exclusion Assays, Reduction Assays, Fluorescent Esterase Substrates
Cell viability often corresponds with cell health and the ability of a cell population to survive and function successfully. Measurements for cell viability can be used to correlate cell behavior with the number of viable cells in a population, optimize the growth conditions of cell populations maintained in culture, test toxicology, or assess the efficacy of potential drug candidates. The parameters which define cell viability can be diverse, ranging from the integrity of cell membranes or the activity of intracellular enzymes to the membrane potential of mitochondria or the redox potential of a cell population
Membrane Potential and Channels
Slow & Fast Membrane Potential Probes, FLIPR® Membrane Potential Assays
Membrane potential is the difference in voltage between the interior and exterior of a cell. The membrane potential allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of molecular devices embedded in the membrane. In electrically excitable cells such as neurons, membrane potential is used for transmitting signals between different parts of a cell. Opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane produces a local change in the membrane potential, which causes an electric current to flow rapidly to other points in the membrane. Ion channels have been identified as important drug discovery targets.
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
JC-1 & JC-10™ Membrane Potential Probes, Flow Cytometry
The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), generated by the electron transport chain, is a key parameter necessary for healthy mitochondrial functioning. Together with the proton gradient, it generates the driving force behind mitochondrial ATP synthesis. It plays a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria, and is an essential component of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.
Custom Services
Custom Services
Besides AAT Bioquest's standard catalog products, they also offer the following custom services to meet your special research needs. Let AAT Bioquest's experience and expertise work for you!
Click the links below to read more about each service.
Antibody conjugation
Antigen conjugation
Antigen development
Cell signaling antibodies
Secondary antibodies
Small molecule antibodies
Cell-based assays
Enzyme activity assays
Fluorescence imaging assays
Flow cytometry assays
Lead compound identification
Luminescence-based assays
Alkaline phosphatase conjugation
APC and PE tandem conjugation
Biotin labeling
Fluorescence labeling
HRP conjugation
Streptavidin conjugation
TR-FRET labeling
Labeling technologies
Lead compound identification
Luminescence technologies
Nanoparticle development
Point of care technologies
TR-FRET technologies
Biotin and its derivatives
Clickable probes
Crosslinkers
Enzyme inhibitors
Enzyme substrates
Fluorescent probes
Hapten molecules
Luminescent compounds
ADME
Enzyme inhibitors
Glucose transporter targets
GPCR targets
Ion channels
Protease targets
Protein kinase inhibitors
Protein phosphatase inhibitors
Enzymes
Enzymes
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AP Labeling Kits & Reagents, AP Conjugates & Substrates, AP ELISA Assay Kits
Phosphatases are a class of enzymes that play a key role in the dephosphorylation of organic compounds. Using water as a reactant, phosphatase enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of various monophosphate esters into phosphoric acid and alcohol. These enzymes are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike, and are typically classified as either acid phosphatase or alkaline phosphatase. Acidic phosphatases function optimally in acidic pH environments, whereas alkaline phosphatases are optimally active at alkaline pH environments. Together with kinases (enzymes that catalyze the addition of phosphate groups onto molecules), phosphatase enzymes direct a form a post-translational modification that is essential for normal cell biology and pathogenesis.
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Assays, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assays
Dehydrogenases are family of enzymes belonging to the group oxidoreductase. These enzymes catalyze the oxidation of a substrate by transferring one or more hydrides to an electron acceptor or coenzyme. Common electron acceptors, being considered as oxidizers of the substrate are usually nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+/NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) and Poly-HRP
HRP Labeling Kits & Reagents, HRP Conjugates & Substrates, HRP ELISA Assay Kits
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is a popular enzyme used extensively in molecular biology for the detection of immune complexes and targets such as proteins, carbohydrates or nucleic acids. This enzyme, which is typically conjugated to antibodies, streptavidin or other proteins, functions as a reporter system for probe-based immunoassay applications including, immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
Protein Kinase Assays, Enterokinase Assays, Pyrophosphate (PPi)
Kinases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a phosphate moiety from a high-energy, phosphate-donating molecule, such as ATP, to its specific substrate. This process is referred to as phosphorylation, where the high-energy ATP molecule donates a phosphate group to the substrate, producing a phosphorylated substrate and ADP (Figure 1). Because of the high levels of energy released during the breakage of phosphoanhydride bonds, kinases are necessary to stablize this reaction.
Firefly Luciferase, Guassia Luciferase, Renilla Luciferase, Reporter Gene Assays
The most versatile and common reporter gene is the luciferase of the North American firefly photinus pyralis. The protein requires no posttranslational modification for enzyme activity. It is not even toxic in high concentration (in vivo) and can be used in pro- and eukaryotic cells.
A protease is an enzyme that conducts proteolysis, i.e., the protein catabolism by hydrolysis of the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain which form the protein. Proteases, also known as peptidases or proteolytic enzymes, are a large group of enzymes. They belong to the class of enzymes known as hydrolases, which catalyse the reaction of hydrolysis of various bonds with the participation of a water molecule.
Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, HDAC Activity Assay
Enzymes-transferase-activity-in-cell-and-solution
Fluorescent Dyes
Fluorescent Dyes
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Coumarins, Fluoresceins, Rhodamines, Cyanines, Indocyanine Greens
Fluorescence is the result of a three-stage process that occurs in certain molecules (generally polyaromatic hydrocarbons or heterocycles) called fluorophores or fluorescent dyes. Fluorescent probes enable researchers to detect particular components of complex biomolecular assemblies (including live cells) with exquisite sensitivity and selectivity. Reactive fluorescent dyes are widely used to modify amino acids, peptides, proteins (in particular, antibodies), oligonucleotides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and other biological molecules.
AAT Bioquest iFluor™ dyes are a series of highly water-soluble fluorescent dyes for covalent labeling of biomolecules, such as proteins and antibodies. Available in a variety of excitation-emission profiles, spanning the UV-visible to near-infrared spectrum, there is an iFluor™ dye to match any instrument set-up and many combinations for multiplex detection. Conjugates made with iFluor™ dyes exhibit superior brightness and photostability, outperforming Alexa Fluor® conjugates and other spectrally similar conjugates. Use iFluor™ products for all your immunofluorescence assays, cell imaging and flow cytometric applications.
ICG Reactive Dyes, In Vivo Molecular Imaging, Infrared Fluorescence
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a negatively charged, tricarbocyanine dye that is widely exploited for its low toxicity and infrared fluorescence emission. ICG’s minimal toxicity is attributed to its strict binding with plasma proteins. This confines it to the vascular compartment where it is rapidly metabolized by the liver and excreted exclusively by the liver and bile ducts. ICG and ICG derivatives can be used as in vivo molecular imaging probes. Their infrared fluorescence emission penetrates tissues several millimeters to facilitate deep tissue and small animal in vivo imaging. ICG is used in medical diagnostics for determining cardiac output, hepatic function, and liver blood flow and for ophthalmic angiography. In addition, ICG has been conjugated to several antibodies for cancer cell and tumor targeting.
Reactive Dyes, CD Antibody Conjugates, Annexin-V Conjugates, Flow Cytometry
mFluor™ dyes are a series of superior fluorescent labeling dyes that span the UV to near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. Developed exclusively by AAT Bioquest, mFluor™ dyes are designed to expand the multicolor capabilities of flow cytometers, making multicolor panel design easier.
PE & APC Labeling Kits & Reagents, Tandem Dyes, Streptavidin Conjugates
Phycoerythrin (PE) and allophycocyanin (APC), which belong to the phycobiliprotein family, exhibit intensely bright fluorescence due to their exceptionally high quantum yields and extinction coefficients. Synthesis of these fluorophores to molecules having biological specificity – antibodies, protein A, or streptavidin – form extraordinarily luminescent probes that can be used in fluorescence-based detection applications which require high sensitivity but not photostability, primarily flow cytometry, FACS and immunophenotyping.
Oligo & Peptide Fluorescent Labeling Reagents, FRET Assays, Molecular Beacon Design
Tide Fluor™ dyes are optimized as building blocks for developing FRET oligonucleotides and peptides. Our Tide Fluor™ dyes have stronger fluorescence and higher photostability than the classic labeling dyes such as coumarins, fluoresceins, rhodamines and cyanines. They are the best affordable fluorescent dyes for labeling peptides and oligonucleotides without sacrificing performance.
FRET
FRET
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Peptide and Oligonucleotide Labeling
Tide Fluor™ Dyes, Click Chemistry Dyes, Dye CPGs, Dye Phosphoramidites
Dye-labeled peptides and oligonucleotides are important tools in biochemical and cellular studies. Fluorescent peptides and oligonucleotides have been extensively used in all major types of fluorescence imaging including fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). These labeled biomolecules are widely used for diagnosing infectious diseases based on the molecular beacon and other technologies. FRET peptides and oligonucleotides have been also used for cell analysis via fluorescence-associated cell sorting (FACS) either in vivo or in vitro for research and diagnostic purposes.
Oligo & Peptide Fluorescent Labeling Reagents, FRET Assays, Molecular Beacon Design
Tide Fluor™ dyes are optimized as building blocks for developing FRET oligonucleotides and peptides. Our Tide Fluor™ dyes have stronger fluorescence and higher photostability than the classic labeling dyes such as coumarins, fluoresceins, rhodamines and cyanines. They are the best affordable fluorescent dyes for labeling peptides and oligonucleotides without sacrificing performance.
Non-Fluorescent Quenchers, FRET Assays, Molecular Beacon Design
FRET is a physical phenomenon, that is being used more and more in biomedical research and drug discovery today. FRET is the radiationless transmission of energy from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The donor molecule is the dye or chromophore that initially absorbs the energy and the acceptor is the chromophore to which the energy is subsequently transferred. This resonance interaction occurs over greater than interatomic distances, without conversion to thermal energy and without any molecular collision. The transfer of energy leads to a reduction in the donor’s fluorescence intensity and excited state lifetime, and an increase in the acceptor’s emission intensity.
Microbiology
Microbiology
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Gram Staining Kits & Reagents, Fixed Cell Stains, Live Cell Stains
Gram staining, named for its originator in 1884, remains the central method in microbiology for bacterial taxonomy by an initial separation into differently-colored Gram-positive or Gram-negative categories. The different colors are due to a polymer called peptidoglycan that is an important part of the bacterial cell wall. Peptidoglycan forms an alternating, tightly-bound crystal lattice that protects the bacteria from osmotic pressures and improves structural strength.
Bacterial Viability Assays, Bacterial Membrane Potential Kits, Bacteria Imaging Assays
The MycoLight™ series includes kits and standalone bacteria-labeling dyes for multiple experimental purposes. The need for improved identification and understanding of bacterial behavior has increased markedly in recent years, as bacterial resistance and the possible use of the cell wall as an antibacterial target has gained traction in research applications. With comparable spectral profiles to classic choices like SYBR®, the MycoLight™ dyes do not affect cell health, allowing further characterization of labeled cell populations. MycoLight™ dyes display excellent brightness and specificity, and are compatible with all major instrument platforms.
Molecular Biology
Molecular Biology
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DNA encodes all genetic information and is the blueprint from which all biological life is created. It acts as a storage device that allows the genetic material to be passed between generations. RNA functions as the reader of the blue print that is stored in the DNA. Genetic information stored in DNA is carried by the RNA, acting as a messenger in the process to the ribosomes, where it builds its proteins. This whole process is called "central dogma" of molecular biology.
PCR Detection of Viral DNA/RNA
Reverse Transcriptase PCR, End-point PCR, Real-time PCR, Viral Diagnostics
In clinical molecular diagnostics, nucleic acid amplification tests such as the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) enable the early detection and identification of infectious diseases caused by retroviruses. Utilizing mRNA as its starting template, RT-PCR expeditiously transcribes, amplifies and detects the genetic material of retroviruses in vitro. Nucleic acid tests have been successfully used in the detection of well-known retroviruses including influenza viruses, enteroviruses, coronavirus, Ebola virus, and HIV.
Peptide and Oligonucleotide Labeling
Tide Fluor™ Dyes, Click Chemistry Dyes, Dye CPGs, Dye Phosphoramidites
Dye-labeled peptides and oligonucleotides are important tools in biochemical and cellular studies. Fluorescent peptides and oligonucleotides have been extensively used in all major types of fluorescence imaging including fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). These labeled biomolecules are widely used for diagnosing infectious diseases based on the molecular beacon and other technologies. FRET peptides and oligonucleotides have been also used for cell analysis via fluorescence-associated cell sorting (FACS) either in vivo or in vitro for research and diagnostic purposes.
Oligo & Peptide Fluorescent Labeling Reagents, FRET Assays, Molecular Beacon Design
Tide Fluor™ dyes are optimized as building blocks for developing FRET oligonucleotides and peptides. Our Tide Fluor™ dyes have stronger fluorescence and higher photostability than the classic labeling dyes such as coumarins, fluoresceins, rhodamines and cyanines. They are the best affordable fluorescent dyes for labeling peptides and oligonucleotides without sacrificing performance.
Non-Fluorescent Quenchers, FRET Assays, Molecular Beacon Design
FRET is a physical phenomenon, that is being used more and more in biomedical research and drug discovery today. FRET is the radiationless transmission of energy from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule. The donor molecule is the dye or chromophore that initially absorbs the energy and the acceptor is the chromophore to which the energy is subsequently transferred. This resonance interaction occurs over greater than interatomic distances, without conversion to thermal energy and without any molecular collision. The transfer of energy leads to a reduction in the donor’s fluorescence intensity and excited state lifetime, and an increase in the acceptor’s emission intensity.
Reactive Oxygen Species
Reactive Oxygen Species
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Dax J2™ SensorsNitric Oxide Sensors, Ratiometric Sensors, Peroxynitrite Assays
Most cellular ROS are generated endogenously as byproducts of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, or formed as intermediates of oxidoreductase enzymes and metal catalyzed oxidation. Since oxygen atoms contain two unpaired electrons in separate orbits of its outer electron shell, it is susceptible to radical formation. The sequential reduction of oxygen through the addition of electrons leads to the formation of a number of ROS including nitric oxide (NO).
OxiVision™ SensorsHydrogen Peroxide Sensors, Cell Imaging, Flow Cytometry
The role of hydrogen peroxide in cellular biology is a dominant research topic as more discoveries are made about how oxidative stress modulates intracellular pathways. Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of H2O2 biology is the recent report that antibodies have the capacity to convert molecular oxygen into hydrogen peroxide to contribute to the normal recognition and destruction processes of the immune system. AAT Bioquest's OxiVision™ series products are an efficient tool for experiments requiring highly specific fluorescent response and cell permeability.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive, oxygen-containing molecules that are naturally produced as a byproduct of cellular metabolism. Under physiological conditions, ROS levels are carefully regulated, where they operate as messengers in normal cell signal transduction, cell cycling, gene expression and homeostasis.
Glutathione (GSH and GSSG)Evaluate Oxidative Stress, GSH Assays, GSH/GSSG Ratio Assays,
Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide comprised of three amino acids L-cysteine, L-glutamic acid and glycine. It is involved in the development and maintenance of protein disulfide bonds , the transport of amino acids across cell membranes, and in detoxification. Since glutathione contains a thiol group, it serves as a major endogenous antioxidants in cells preventing damage by neutralizing reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides. Monitoring reduced and oxidized glutathione in biological samples is a useful tool for evaluating the redox and detoxification status of cells and tissues against oxidative and free radical mediated cell injury. While few reagents and assay kits are commercially available for quantifying glutathione, they are hindered by their lack of sensitivity and tedious protocols. Amplite™ Fluorimetric Glutathione assay offers a convenient and ultra-sensitive method for the quantification of glutathione in biological samples.
AAT Bioquest Catalogues
AAT Bioquest Catalogue
Calcium Detection Probes & Assay Kits
Fluo-8®, Cal-520®, Cal-590™, Cal-630™, Rhod-4™, Ratiometric indicators, FLIPR® assays...
Cell Apoptosis & Proliferation
Caspase, Mitochondria, TUNEL, Necrosis, Autophagy, Proliferation, Membrane integrity, Cytotoxicity, Nuclei...
Cell Metabolism and Signaling Assays
Biomolecule quantification assays, Quantifying amino acids, Peptides and proteins, Lipid biology, Carbohydrate metabolism, Cell metabolism, Cell signaling, Enzyme cofactor quantification, Oxidative stress...
Cell Viability & Proliferation
Cell viability and cytotoxicity assay reagents and kits, Proliferation, Cell Cycle, Cell labeling & tracking...
Proteases, Hydrolytic enzymes, Oxidases, Dehydrogenases, Polymerases, Protein kinases, Transferases, Luciferases...
Fluorescence Cell Imaging Probes & Kits
Fluorescence Microscopy, Fluorescence Imaging, Organelle Labeling Probes, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Nuclei, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Plasma Membrane, Lipid Droplets, Phalloidin-iFluor Conjugates...
Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Organelles
Fluorescence Microscopy, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Endoplasmic Reticulumn, Nuclei, F-Actin, Plasma Membrane, Organelles, Fluorescence Imaging, Organelles Labeling Probes...
Fluorescent Infrared Dyes and Probes
Infrared (IR), Near Infrared (NIR), Tissue, Reactive dyes, iFluor, Indocyanine Green (ICG), Imaging...
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer, donor/acceptor pair, FRET efficiency, Peptide labeling, Quenchers, trFluor, Tide Fluor, Tide Quencher...
Labelling Antibodies and Biopolymers
Amine-reactive dyes, Thiol-reactive dyes, iFluor, mFluor, trFluor, Classic labeling dyes, Phycobiliproteins, PE, RPE, APC, PerCP, Tandem dyes, ReadiLink, Buccutite...
Nucleic Acid Detection Probes & Assay Kits
Cell-impermeant dyes, Cell-permeant dyes, dsDNA, RNA, PCR, Gel stains...
Oligonucleotide Labelling Reagents
Oligonucleotides, Quenchers, Amino-modified oligonucleotides, Thiol-modified oligonucleotides, Clickable dye labels, Dye CPGs, Dye phosphoramidites...
Peptide labels, Quenchers, N-terminal label, Lys residue label, C-terminal label, Asp & glu residue label, Cystein residue label, Clickable dye labels...
Phycobiliproteins & Tandem Conjugates
Phycobiliproteins, Phycoerythrin (PE) *Ammonium Sulfate Free*, Allophycoyanin (APC) *Ammonium Sulfate Free*, PE and APC Tandem Dyes, Streptavidin Conjugates, Annexin V Conjugates, ReadiUse™ Preactivated Phycobiliproteins and Buccutite™ Labeling Kits for the rapid conjugation of PE or APC to proteins...
Physiological Probes & Assay Kits
Calcium ion, Zinc ion, Intracellular pH, Anions, Membrane potential...
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection
Hydrogen peroxide, Catalase, Peroxidase, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Hydroxyl radical, Superoxide, Superoxide dimutase (SOD), Xanthine, Hypochlorite, Total ROS, Thiol, Nitric Oxide, Peroxynitrite
Secondary Detection Probes & Kits
iFluor, NIR dyes, IR dyes, Secondary antibody conjugates, Biotin, Streptavidin, trFluor, Classic labeling dyes, mFluor, HRP, ALP, Antibody development tools...
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